Hei mārama ki te turuturu o te papu tohanga, he mea nui kia mārama tuatahi ki te mahi taketake o te papu tohanga. I te mea ka tomo te rere mā te kanohi o te impeller o te papu, ka piki ake i ngā whana o te impeller, ka iti ake te pēhanga me te tere o te wai. Ina haere te rere mā te volute, ka piki ake te pēhanga, ka piki ake te tere. Kātahi ka puta te rere mā te tukunga, ā, i taua wā ka teitei te pēhanga engari ka puhoi te tere. Ko te rere e tomo ana ki te papu me puta atu i te papu. Ka tukuna e te papu te upoko (te pēhanga rānei), ko te tikanga ka whakanui ake i te kaha o te wai papu.
Mā ētahi ngoikoretanga o ngā wāhanga o te papu toriti, pērā i te hononga, te waipēhi, ngā hononga tūmau, me ngā peera, ka pakaru te pūnaha katoa, engari tata ki te ono tekau mā iwa ōrau o ngā pakaru katoa o te papu ka puta mai i te kore mahi tika o te taputapu hiri.
TE HIAHIATANGA MŌ NGĀ hiri MĪHINI
He hiri miihiniHe taputapu e whakamahia ana hei whakahaere i te turuturu i waenga i te pou hurihuri me te oko kī tonu i te wai, i te hau rānei. Ko tana kawenga matua ko te whakahaere i te turuturu. Ka turuturu ngā hiri katoa—me pērā tonu kia mau tonu ai te kiriata wai ki runga i te mata o te hiri miihini katoa. He iti noa te turuturu e puta mai ana i te taha hauātea; hei tauira, ka inehia te turuturu i roto i te Hauwaiwaro mā te mita VOC i roto i ngā wāhanga/miriona.
I mua i te hanganga o ngā hiri miihini, i te nuinga o te wā ka hiritia e ngā miihini te papu ki te takai miihini. Ko te takai miihini, he rauemi muka e whakakīia ana ki te hinu whakahinuhinu pērā i te karāpeti, ka tapahia kia wāhanga, ka whakakīia ki raro i te mea i kiia ko te "pouaka whakakī." Kātahi ka tāpirihia he repe takai ki te taha o muri hei whakakī i ngā mea katoa ki raro. Nā te mea kei te pā tika te takai ki te kakau, me whakahinuhinu, engari ka tangohia tonu te hōiho.
I te nuinga o te wā, mā te "mowhiti rama" ka taea te tāpiri wai ki te takai. Ko taua wai, e tika ana hei whakahinuhinu me te whakamatao i te kakau, ka turuturu ki roto i te tukanga, ki te āhuarangi rānei. I runga i tō tono, me mahi pea koe i ēnei mahi:
- tahuri te wai horoi kia matara atu i te tukanga hei karo i te poke.
- ārai i te wai e kohia ana ki runga i te papa (te rehu nui), he āwangawanga tēnei nā te OSHA, ā, he āwangawanga anō hoki nō te tiaki whare.
- tiaki i te pouaka peera mai i te wai e ringihia ana, ka poke pea te hinu, ā, ka mutu, ka pakaru te peera.
Pērā i ngā papu katoa, me whakamātautau koe i tō papu kia kitea ai ngā utu ā-tau e hiahiatia ana hei whakahaere. Ahakoa he iti te utu mō te tāuta me te tiaki i tētahi papu tākai, ki te tatau koe i te maha o ngā karani wai e pau ana i ia meneti, i ia tau rānei, tera pea ka miharo koe ki te utu. Tērā pea ka taea e te papu hiri miihini te penapena i te nui o ngā utu ā-tau māu.
I runga i te āhua whānui o te hiri ā-ringa, i ngā wāhi katoa kei reira he gasket, he mowhiti-o rānei, ka puta he wāhi turuturu pea:
- He mowhiti-o hihiri (he gasket rānei) kua memeha, kua tawhito, kua pakaru rānei i te nekehanga o te hiri miihini.
- He paru, he poke rānei i waenganui i ngā hiri ā-ringa.
- He mahi hoahoa-kore i roto i ngā hiri ā-ringa.
NGĀ MOMO RIMA O NGĀ HANGARA O NGĀ PŪRERE HĪNGI
Mena he turuturu kāore e taea te whakahaere i te papu toriti, me tirotirohia e koe ngā tino take katoa kia mōhio ai mēnā me whakatika, me tāuta rānei he tāutanga hou.
1. Ngā Rahunga Whakahaere
Te Whakahāwea i te Pūwāhi Pai Rawa: Kei te whakahaerehia e koe te papu i te Pūwāhi Pai Rawa (BEP) i runga i te pihi mahi? He Pūwāhi Whai Rawa motuhake kua hangaia mō ia papu. Ina whakahaerehia e koe te papu i waho o taua rohe, ka puta he raruraru ki te rere ka raru ai te pūnaha.
Kāore i te Rawa te Upoko Momi Pai Kupenga (NPSH): Ki te kore e ranea te upoko momi ki tō papu, ka kore e pumau te huihuinga hurihuri, ka puta te poka, ā, ka pakaru te hiri.
Te Whakahaere Mate-Upoko:Ki te whakatakotoria e koe te takirere whakahaere kia iti rawa hei whakawhāiti i te papu, ka ārai pea i te rere. Ka puta te rere anō i roto i te papu mēnā ka āraihia, ka puta te wera, ā, ka pakaru te hiri.
Te Rere Maroke me te Pupuhi Hē o te Hiri: Ko te papu poutū te mea tino pāngia e te hau nā te mea kei runga te hiri ā-ringa. Ki te kore e tika te putanga o te hau, ka mau pea te hau i te taha o te hiri, ā, e kore e taea te whakaputa i te pouaka whakakī. Ka tere te pakaru o te hiri ā-ringa mēnā ka haere tonu te papu ki te rere i roto i tēnei āhua.
Tapeke Kohu Iti:He wai mura ēnei; ka mura ngā hauwaiwai wera ina pāngia e ngā āhuatanga o te hau. I te whitinga o te kiriata wai i te hiri miihini, ka mura pea i te taha hau, ā, ka pakaru. He maha ngā wā ka puta tēnei pakaru me ngā pūnaha whāngai poiha—ka mura te wai wera i te 250-280ºF me te hekenga o te pēhanga puta noa i ngā mata o te hiri.
2. Ngā Rahunga Mīhini
Ka taea e te hē o te tūnga o te pou, te kore taurite o te hononga, me te kore taurite o te impeller te whai wāhi ki te pakaru o te hiri miihini. Hei tāpiri, i muri i te tāutanga o te papu, ki te he te tūnga o ngā paipa kua whakapirihia ki reira, ka nui te taumahatanga ki te papu. Me karo hoki i te turanga kino: Kei te mau te turanga? Kei te tika te whakakī? He waewae ngohengohe tōu? Kei te tika te whakapiri? Ā, hei whakamutunga, tirohia ngā peera. Ki te ngoikore te ātete o ngā peera, ka neke ngā peera, ka puta he wiri i roto i te papu.
3. Ngā Rahunga o te Wāhanga Hiri
He pai tāu takirua tribological (te rangahau mō te waku)? Kua whiriwhiria e koe ngā huinga mata tika? Ā, me pēhea te kounga o te rauemi mata hiri? He tika ō rauemi mō tō tono motuhake? Kua whiriwhiria e koe ngā hiri tuarua tika, pērā i ngā gaskets me ngā o-rings, kua whakaritea mō ngā whakaeke matū me te wera? Kaua ō puna e āraia, kaua hoki ō pupuhi e waikura. Hei whakamutunga, kia tūpato ki ngā hapa o te mata mai i te pēhanga, i te wera rānei, nā te mea ka piko te hiri miihini i raro i te pēhanga nui, ā, ka taea e te kōtaha piko te puta he turuturu.
4. Ngā Rahunga Hoahoa Pūnaha
Me whakarite he whakaritenga horoi hiri tika, me te whakamatao rawaka. He wai ārai kei ngā pūnaha takirua; me noho te ipu hiri āwhina ki te wāhi tika, me ngā taputapu me ngā paipa tika. Me whai whakaaro koe ki te Roa o te Paipa Tika i te Momi - ko ētahi pūnaha papu tawhito i tae mai hei reti kua tākaihia he tuke 90º i te momi i mua tonu i te urunga o te rere ki te kanohi o te impeller. Ka puta he rere pōrearea i te tuke e hanga ana i ngā koretake i roto i te huihuinga hurihuri. Me hanga tika hoki ngā paipa momi/tuku me te taha taha katoa, inā koa mēnā kua whakatikahia ētahi paipa i tētahi wā i roto i ngā tau.
5. Ngā Mea Katoa Atu
E waru ōrau noa iho o ngā hapa katoa e pā ana ki ētahi atu āhuatanga rerekē. Hei tauira, i ētahi wā ka hiahiatia ngā pūnaha āwhina hei whakarato i tētahi taiao mahi e tika ana mō te hiri miihini. Mō ngā pūnaha takirua, me whai wai āwhina koe hei ārai e ārai ana i te poke, i te turuturu rānei o te wai tukanga ki te taiao. Heoi, mō te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi, mā te aro atu ki tētahi o ngā kāwai tuatahi e whā ka tutuki ai te otinga e hiahiatia ana e rātou.
WHAKAMUTUNGA
He mea nui ngā hiri mīhini ki te pono o ngā taputapu hurihuri. Ko ēnei te take o ngā turuturu me ngā pakaru o te pūnaha, engari he tohu anō hoki ēnei i ngā raruraru ka pā kino kino ā muri ake nei. He nui te pānga o te hoahoa hiri me te taiao whakahaere ki te pono o te hiri.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-26-2023