Āhea koe me whakamahi ai i te hiri mīhini o raro whakarewa?

Āhea te Kōwhiri i te Hiri Mīhini o te Bellows Metal

Ko ngā hiri miihini o te pupuhi whakarewa he otinga hangarau nui mō ngā taputapu hurihuri e mahi ana i waho o ngā tawhā paerewa o ngā hiri e hangai ana ki te elastomer tuku iho. Mā te whakakapi i te hiri tuarua hihiri me ngā puna koiri maha ki te matua pupuhi whakarewa kua whakarewaina, ka whakaratohia e ēnei hiri te kaha puna uta-mata e tika ana me te rohe hiri tuarua hermetic. Ka whakarerekē nui tēnei hoahoa motuhake i ngā rohe mahi o te papu, ka taea ai te mahi tonu i roto i ngā taiao ka tere te whakaheke i ngā tikanga hiri paerewa.

Te Pāmahana, te Pēhanga, me te Tere o te Toka

I te nuinga o te wā ka huri ngā kaihangarau ki ngā pupuhi whakarewa ina nui ake ngā tawhā tukanga i ngā rohe mahi haumaru o ngā mowhiti-O paerewa. Ka taea e te hiri pupuhi whakarewa paerewa he mea whakarewa ki te taha kotahi te paparanga te whakahaere i ngā pāmahana mahi mai i te -75°C ki te 400°C (-100°F ki te 750°F), he nui ake i ngā rohe wera 150°C ki te 200°C noa o ngā elastomers Viton, Kalrez rānei. I roto i ngā tono cryogenic e whakahaere ana i ngā hau wai, ka mau tonu te ngāwari o te hanganga whakarewa i te wāhi ka pakarukaru, ka pakarukaru te rapa.

He rite tonu te kaha o ngā kaha pēhanga. Ahakoa he pono te mahi a ngā pupuhi taha-whakapiri paerewa tae atu ki te 20 pae (290 psi), ka taea e ngā pupuhi maha-papa, ngā pupuhi wai-whakatakoto motuhake te tu atu i ngā pēhanga neke atu i te 69 pae (1,000 psi). Hei tāpiri, ka mau tonu te tūnga mata pumau o ēnei hiri i ngā tere mata o te pou tae atu ki te 25 mita ia hekona (5,000 putu ia meneti), he mea tino pai mōngā papu whakatere tere-teiteii roto i te tonongā tukanga ahumahi.

Te Hototahitanga Matū, Ngā Mea Totoka, me te Ma

Ko te āhua pumau o te hiri tuarua i roto i te hoahoa o te pupuhi ka whakatau i te raruraru o te whakairinga elastomer—he momo rahunga tuatahi i roto i ngā hiri pana ka piri te mowhiti-O ki te rakau nā te pirau matū, te poke ā-rohe rānei. Nā tēnei ka tino pai ngā pupuhi whakarewa mō ngā wai he kaha te kaha o te matū, tae atu ki ngā waikawa kaha, ngā whakarewa, me ngā otinga kawa e whakaeke ana i ngā matū waro.

Ina mahi ana ki ngā mea kua ki tonu i ngā matūriki, ki ngā paru rānei kei roto tae atu ki te 10% o ngā matūriki mā te taumaha, ka whakamahia e ngā hoahoa pupuhi hurihuri te kaha whakatere hei maka tonu i ngā matūriki mai i ngā piko, hei ārai i te aukati. Heoi, me tino horoi i te wā tuatahi o te horoinga o te pūnaha. Ko ngā para konganuku totoka, ngā unahi paipa rānei e mau ana i waenganui i ngā rau pupuhi piri i te wā e tīmata ana ka taea te aukati i te nekehanga tuaka, te whakaoho i ngā kukū ahotea ā-rohe, me te pakaru wawe o te ngenge.

Te Mahi a te Hiri Mīhini o te Bellows Metal

Ka tino whakarerekē te hanganga o te hiri pupuhi whakarewa i te āhua o te uta mata me te taurite waipēhi i roto i te pouaka whakakī papu. Kāore i rite ki ngā hiri pana e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā puna koiri motuhake, ka tohatohahia e te wae pupuhi tonu te uta puna puta noa i te 360 ​​nekehanga o te mata hiri, ka arotau i te kiriata wai i waenga i ngā wāhanga hurihuri me ngā wāhanga tūmau.

Te Mahi i Whakatairitea ki ngā Hiri Pana

Ka pā tika tēnei kawenga ōrite ki te pumau nekeneke o ngā mata hiri i raro i ngā āhuatanga waipēhi rerekē. Ko te tango atu i te elastomer reti te mea tino rerekē i te aromatawai i te mahi.

Mā te whakakore i te mowhiti-O hihiri, ka whakakorea e te hiri o te pupuhi te wiri o te pou. Ka puta te wiri ina pakaru te ringaringa papu i ngā nekehanga iti o te elastomer i roto i te wā, ka hua ake he utu nui mō te whakakapinga pou me ngā ara turuturu tonu i raro i te hiri.

Te turuturu, te taipana, me te pono

He mea hanga te taurite waipēhi ki te hoahoa o tētahi pūwero whakarewa kua whakapirihia ki te taha, mā te whakanoho i te diameter whai hua o te pūwero ki te mata o te hiri. Mā tēnei ōwehenga taurite kua arotauhia (i hangaia i waenga i te 0.65 me te 0.80) ka whakaitihia te whakaputanga o te wera me te kakahu waku, ka tino whakaitihia ngā reiti turuturu ki ngā taumata e kore e kitea i raro i te mahi pumau noa.

Ka whakahaerehia te tuku taipana mā roto i te matua o te pupuhi, mā roto rānei i ngā pūwero motuhake i roto i ngā tono pēhanga teitei ake, kia kore ai te taipana tīmatanga e takahuri, e kutikuti rānei i ngā rau whakarewa. I roto i ngā tono whakahinuhinu pāmahana teitei, ko te whakakapi i tētahi hiri pana e pakaru ana ki tētahi hiri pupuhi whakarewa kua tohua tika ka roa ake te Wā Waenga i waenganui i ngā Raru (MTBF) mai i te 8 ki te 12 marama te iti rawa o mua ki te neke atu i te 36 marama, ka hua ake he pikinga nui o te pono o ngā taputapu katoa.

Ngā Tikanga Whakahaere e Whakamana ana i tōna Whakamahinga

Kāore i te maha ngā wā ka whiriwhiria he hiri whakarewa hei whiringa taunoa mō ngā tono wai pai nā te mea he nui ake te utu whakapaipai tīmatanga. Engari, he whakahoutanga rautaki tēnei e whakamahia ana ina kore e whai hua ā-pūkaha, ā-matū rānei ngā hiri pana i ngā taiao mahi kino.

Te pāmahana teitei me te pāmahana iti, te korehau, me te hinu whakahinuhinu ngoikore

Ko ngā pāmahana nui rawa te pūtake matua mō te whakatakotoranga o ngā pupuhi. I roto i ngā tono cryogenic e whakahaere ana i te hauota wai, i te LNG rānei i ngā pāmahana ki raro ki te -196°C (-320°F), ka pakaru tonu ngā elastomers. I tetahi atu taha, i roto i ngā pūnaha wai whakawhiti wera, i ngā raro rānei o te whare whakarewa e mahi tonu ana i te 350°C ki te 425°C, ka rewa, ka waro rānei ngā elastomers waro. Ka mau tonu te tere puna miihini me te pono o te hiri o ngā pupuhi whakarewa puta noa i tēnei whānuitanga wera katoa.

Hei tāpiri atu, i roto i ngā tono korehau e kumea ana ki raro ki te 0.1 pae tino, i ngā pūnaha rānei e pāngia ana e te maroke-rere me te kore hinu whakahinuhinu, ka āwhina te uta mata kua arotauhia, kia ōrite hoki o te pupuhi ki te pupuri i te kiriata wai nui. Ka ārai tēnei i te kino kino o te mata me te pakaru wera e puta pinepine ana ina ngaro te arai whakahinuhinu o te hiri pana.

Ngā Wai Waikura, te Mōrearea o te Koko, me te Nekehanga o te Pou

Ko ngā wai e whakapūhui ana, e kōkō ana rānei ina pāngia e ngā pāmahana o te āhuarangi—pērā i ngā warowaihā taumaha, te uku, me ngā raro hinu mata—he tino mōrearea ki ngā hiri paerewa. I te turuturu o ēnei wai puta noa i ngā mata o te hiri, ā, i te whakamatao, ka hanga he putunga waro totoka. I roto i te hiri pana, ka aukatia e tēnei kōkō te mowhiti-O hihiri, ka pakaru tonu te hiri. Ka haere tonu te hiri pupuhi whakarewa, kāore he elastomers tuarua reti, ki te whai i te mata o te hiri ahakoa he kōkō ngawari te taha o te āhuarangi.

Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea e ngā pupuhi te whakahaere i te nekehanga nui o te toki tuaka—tae atu ki te +/- 2.0 mm—nā te whānui wera o te toki papu i ngā ratonga pāmahana teitei. Ka mimiti i tēnei nekehanga ā-ahu mā te piko o ngā piko kua whakarewaina, me te kore e whakararu i te āputa hiri, e whakapataritari rānei i te ringaringa toki.

Ngā Here, Ngā Aratau Rahunga, me Ngā Tauwhitinga

Ahakoa te pakari o ō rātou kaha, he rerekē ngā rohe mahi me ngā taupatupatu o ngā hiri whakarewa. Ko te aratau rahunga matua ko te kutikuti torsional; ki te piri ngā mata o te hiri nā te tioata hua i te wā e kati ana te papu, ka taea e te kaha hurihuri i te tīmatanga te haehae tonu i ngā piko kua whakarewaina.

Hei tāpiritanga, ko ngā rau whakarewa angiangi (mai i te 0.10 mm ki te 0.15 mm te matotoru) he tino ngāwari ki te ngenge i te wiri o ngā taputapu. Ka taea e ngā taumata wiri neke atu i te 4.5 mm/s RMS te whakaputa i te harurutanga harmonic, ka tere ai te pakaru o te whakarewa. Hei whakamutunga, he taupatupatu nui te whakapaunga whakapaipai, me ngā hiri o te peere whakarewa kua whakarewahia ki te taha e hiahia ana kia 1.5x ki te 3.0x te utu nui atu i ngā hiri pana paerewa, e hiahiatia ana he whakamārama mārama mō te whakahokinga mai i runga i te wā mahi roa.

Me pēhea te Tautuhi me te Tāuta i te Hiri Mīhini o te Bellows Whakarewa

Ko te angitu o te whakatinanatanga o te hiri miihini o te pūwero whakarewa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakatakotoranga pakari o ngā rauemi me ngā tikanga tāutanga tika. Nā te mea he mea hanga ēnei hiri mō te mahi nui, ka tere te whakakore i ngā painga mahi ā-roto o te mahi whakarewa kore-tino pai, te whakatikatika miihini hē rānei.

Te Whakarewa, Ngā Rauemi Mata, me te Whirihoranga Hiri

Me tino whakataurite te hanganga whakarewa o te pūtake o te pūwero ki te wai tukanga. Ko te maitai kore waikura AM350 te paerewa mō ngā tono pāmahana teitei whānui, e tuku ana i te ātete pai ki te whakarewa me te ātete ngenge. Mō ngā taiao tino waikura e uru ana ki te hauota, ki te hau kawa rānei (H2S), ka whakapai ake ngā miihini ki te Alloy C-276 (Hastelloy) me te Alloy 718 (Inconel) rānei, e whakarato ana i te ātete pai ki te pakaru me te pakaru o te waikura ahotea.

Ko ngā huinga mata hiri he mea hono i te mowhiti Silicon Carbide (SiC) tūmau ki te mowhiti Carbon Graphite matotoru-teitei e hurihuri ana mō te hinu tino pai. Heoi, ko ngā ratonga tino whakakoi ka hiahia pea ki te hono i ngā hononga pakeke-ki-pakari pērā i te SiC me te Tungsten Carbide (TC). Ko ngā whirihoranga e whakatauhia ana e ngā paerewa API 682, me te Whakaritenga 1 (hiri kotahi) e whakamahia ana mō ngā wai pāmahana teitei paerewa, me te Whakaritenga 2, 3 rānei (hiri takirua kāore i te pēhanga, i te pēhanga rānei) e whakahauhia ana mō ngā matū waro kino, ngā matū waro pūngoi rānei (VOC).

Tāutanga, Whakaritenga, Whakaoho, me te Aroturukitanga

Ngā hoahoa hiri kāterekua noho hei paerewa ahumahi, e whakakotahi ana i ngā pupuhi, ngā mata, me te pereti repe ki roto i tētahi waeine kotahi kua whakaritea i mua, e kore ai e hiahiatia he ine ā-ringa mō te rakau papu. I te wā tāutanga, me tino manatoko te rere o te rakau papu; kaua te pānui tohu katoa (TIR) ​​e neke ake i te 0.05 mm (0.002 inihi) hei ārai i te piko nui, te kore taurite o ngā piko o ngā pupuhi.

Ko ngā tikanga tīmatanga mō ngā tono pāmahana teitei e hiahiatia ana he wāhanga whakamahana-mua e whakahaeretia ana, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he wai whakamātao o waho API Plan 32, he wai whakamātao mamaoa API Plan 62 rānei. Me whakamahana te anga papu me te rūma hiri i te tere mōrahi o te 50°C ia hāora hei ārai i te ru wera ki ngā mata silicon carbide pakarukaru. He mea nui te aroturuki tonu i te pāmahana wai whakamātao me te pēhanga o te rūma hiri kia noho tonu te wai i te iti rawa 15°C i raro i tōna pēhanga mamaoa, kia kore ai e kanapa, e maroke hoki i ngā mata hiri.

Anga Whakatau mō te Kōwhiringa Kekeno

Ko te whakawhiti ki te hiri miihini whakarewa e hiahia ana kia aromatawaihia ngā āhuatanga o te tukanga, te hītori o te rahunga, me ngā utu katoa o te huringa ora. Mā te anga whakatau paerewa ka taeangā kaihanga pono o te tipuhei whakamārama i te whakapaunga whakapaipai i runga i te whakaaro pono mā te paunatia te utu hoko tuatahi ki ngā penapena whakahaere mō te wā roa.

Rārangi Arowhai Tono

Ko te matihiko e whai ake nei hei rārangi arowhai tono matua hei whakatau mēnā ko te hiri pupuhi whakarewa te otinga hangarau e tika ana mō tētahi pūnaha papu.

Mena ka tutuki tētahi paearu o tēnei rārangi arowhai, ko ngā herenga hoahoa ā-roto o tētahi hiri pana paerewa ka arahi pea ki te pakaru wawe, ā, ka waiho ko te hoahoa o te pupuhi te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu i runga i te hangarau me te pūtea.

Mōrearea, Whakatutukitanga, Wā Mahi, me te Utu Whakakapinga

Haunga ngā whakaritenga hangarau, me whakauru te whakataunga i te whakaiti i te mōrearea, te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga taiao, me te roa o te mahi a te tipu. I roto i ngā mana whakahaere e whakahaerehia ana e ngā ture taiao tino pakari, he mea nui ngā hiri whakarewa kua whakapirihia ki te taha hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga rere, me te pupuri pono i ngā reiti turuturu o te matū waro mimiti (VOC) i raro iho i te paepae ture 500 ppm tino pakari kua whakatakotoria e te EPA me ngā whakahaere o te ao rite.

Ahakoa ko te utu tīmatanga mō te kātereti pupuhi hau kei waenganui i te $2,500 ki te $8,000 i runga i te mahi whakarewa me te rahi o te rakau, me whai whakaaro te tātaritanga pūtea ki te utu mō te karo i te wā kore mahi. I roto i ngā ahumahi tukatuka tonu pērā i te whakamahine hinu, tetukatuka matū hinu, ka taea e te pakaru o te papu kotahi te nui ake i te $10,000 ia haora te utu mō te korenga o te whakaputanga. Mā te whakakore i te pirau o te elastomer, te aukati i te wiri o te pou, me te ora tonu i ngā whakawhiti wera, ka whakaitihia e te hiri pere whakarewa te auau o te pakaru o te papu. Hei whakamutunga, ina whakamahia ki ngā taiao ratonga tino tika, ko te utu katoa o te mana pupuri (TCO) mō te hiri pere whakarewa he iti ake i te hiri pana i roto i te huringa ora e rima tau.

Ngā Whakaaro Matua

• Ko ngā whakatau me ngā take matua mō te Metal Bellow Mechanical Seal
• Ngā whakaritenga, ngā whakaritenga, me ngā arowhai mōrearea e tika ana kia whakamanahia i mua i tō whakaae
• Ngā mahi whai muri me ngā whakatūpato ka taea e ngā kaipānui te tono tonu

Ngā Pātai Auau

Āhea ahau me whiriwhiri i tētahi hiri miihini whakarewa raro?

Whakamahia ina pāngia ngā papu e ngā pāmahana tino wera, ngā matū kaha, ngā tere o te rakau, ina pakaru rānei ngā mowhiti-O elastomer nā te whakairi, te wiri rānei.

I roto i tehea awhe pāmahana ka taea e te hiri miihini whakarewa i raro i te whakarewa te tu atu?

Ko ngā hoahoa whakarewa taha-kotahi noa ka taea te tu atu i te pāmahana mai i te -75°C ki te 400°C, he mea e tika ana mō ngā mahi whakamahana-kākahu me ngā mahi wera-tiketike.

He pai ake ngā hiri o raro whakarewa mō ngā papu matū me ngā papu whakarewa?

Āe. Ka āraihia e tā rātou hiri tuarua whakarewa pumau te whakaekenga a te elastomer, nō reira ka pai te mahi i roto i ngā waikawa, ngā whakarewa, me ngā ratonga caustic.

Ka taea e ngā hiri miihini o raro i te whakarewa te oma i roto i ngā mea paru, i ngā mea totoka rānei kei roto?

Ae, inā koa ngā hoahoa pupuhi hurihuri mō ngā pāpāho he 10% pea te totoka kei roto, engari me tango e te horoi tīmatanga ngā para whakarewa me te unahi paipa.

Ka taea e Victor Seals te tuku hiri whakarewa whakakapinga mō ngā waitohu papu OEM?

Āe. Ka whakaratohia e Victor Seals ngā hiri hototahi-OEM me ngā hiri whakakapinga mō ngā waitohu pēnei i a IMO, Alfa Laval, Grundfos, APV, Flygt, Fristam, Lowara, me Allweiler.